Portfolio Turnover
The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or "turns over" its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs. These costs, which are not reflected in Annual Fund Operating Expenses or in the Example, affect the Fund's performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the Fund's portfolio turnover rate was 10.72% of the average value of its portfolio.
Principal Investment Strategies
The Fund consists of two main components. First, a majority of the portfolio, referred to herein as the "Core Sleeve," operates as a "fund-of-funds" that invests in a portfolio of unaffiliated mutual funds that are sponsored by Capital Research and Management CompanySM and are series of American Funds® or American Funds Insurance Series® (the "Underlying Funds"). The portfolio of Underlying Funds is designed for investors seeking both capital appreciation and income. The remainder of the Fund, referred to herein as the "Volatility Overlay," invests in short-term fixed-income securities (or mutual funds that themselves invest in such securities) or is held in cash. In an attempt to manage the volatility of the Fund's portfolio over a full market cycle, the Fund buys and sells stock index futures, which are derivatives. The Fund's short-term fixed-income securities and cash may be used to meet margin requirements and other obligations on the Fund's derivative positions. The combination of the Core Sleeve and Volatility Overlay is intended to result in a single Fund that is designed to offer an asset allocation investment approach blended with a strategy that seeks to mitigate risk and manage the Fund's volatility over a full market cycle. The Volatility Overlay may not be successful in reducing volatility, in particular, frequent or short-term volatility with little or no sustained market direction, and it is possible that the Volatility Overlay may result in underperformance or losses greater than if the Fund did not implement the Volatility Overlay.
The level of "volatility" of the Fund's portfolio reflects the degree to which the value of the Fund's portfolio may be expected to rise or fall within a period of time. A high level of volatility means that the Fund's value may be expected to increase or decrease significantly over a period of time. A lower level of volatility means that the Fund's value is not expected to fluctuate so significantly. The Fund is intended to be used primarily in connection with guaranteed benefits available through variable annuity contracts issued by Nationwide Life Insurance Company and Nationwide Life and Annuity Insurance Company (collectively, "Nationwide Life"), and is designed to help reduce a contract owner's exposure to equity investments when equity markets are more volatile. The purpose of the Volatility Overlay is to minimize the costs and risks to Nationwide Life of supporting these guaranteed benefits. Although the reduction of equity exposure during periods of higher volatility is designed to decrease the risk of loss to your investment, it may prevent you from achieving higher investment returns. Further, the Fund's use of leverage in its strategies may cause the Fund's performance to be more volatile than if the Fund had not been leveraged.
The Underlying Funds invest directly in common stocks and other equity securities, bonds and other intermediate and long-term debt securities, and money market instruments (debt securities maturing in one year or less), as appropriate to their respective investment objectives and strategies. Although certain Underlying Funds may focus on investments in medium- to larger-capitalization companies, the Underlying Funds' investments are not limited to a particular capitalization size. Certain Underlying Funds may invest in common stocks and other equity securities of issuers domiciled outside the United States and in debt securities of issuers domiciled outside the United States. Additionally, certain Underlying Funds may invest in lower-quality debt securities (rated Ba1 or below and BB+ or below by Nationally Recognized Statistical Rating Organizations designated by the Underlying Funds' investment adviser or unrated but determined to be of equivalent quality by the Underlying Funds' investment adviser). Such securities are sometimes referred to as "junk bonds."
The Underlying Funds' investment adviser uses a system of multiple portfolio counselors in managing each Underlying Fund's assets. Under this approach, the portfolio of each Underlying Fund is divided into segments managed by individual counselors who decide how their respective segments will be invested.
The Underlying Funds rely on the professional judgment of their investment adviser to make decisions about each Underlying Fund's portfolio investments. The basic philosophy of the Underlying Funds' investment adviser is to seek to invest in securities that, in its opinion, represent good, long-term investment opportunities. Securities may be sold when the Underlying Funds' investment adviser believes that they no longer represent relatively attractive investment opportunities.
The Fund's investment adviser allocates Fund assets to the Underlying Funds. Under normal market conditions, the Fund's investment adviser expects (but is not required) to invest in Underlying Funds that maintain an overall investment mix falling within the following ranges: 40%-80% in equity securities, 20%-50% in debt securities, and 0%-40% in money market instruments (including cash). As of December 31, 2023, the combined portfolio of Underlying Funds was 67% invested in equity securities, 33% invested in debt securities and 0% invested in money market instruments and cash. The proportion of equity, debt and money