Occupational Employment and Wages in Yakima — May 2021

Workers in the Yakima, WA Metropolitan Statistical Area had an average (mean) hourly wage of $23.96 in May 2021, about 14 percent below the nationwide average of $28.01, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Regional Commissioner Chris Rosenlund noted that, after testing for statistical significance, wages in the local area were lower than their respective national averages in 12 of the 22 major occupational groups, including computer and mathematical; legal; and arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media. Six groups had significantly higher wages than their respective national averages, including protective service, food preparation and serving related, and healthcare support.

When compared to the nationwide distribution, Yakima area employment was more highly concentrated in 7 of the 22 occupational groups, including transportation and material moving, personal care and service, and educational instruction and library. Eleven groups had employment shares significantly below their national representation, including management, business and financial operations, and computer and mathematical. (See table A.)

One occupational group-transportation and material moving-was chosen to illustrate the diversity of data available for any of the 22 major occupational categories. Yakima had 12,270 jobs in transportation and material moving, accounting for 13.5 percent of local area employment, significantly higher than the 9.0-percent share nationally. The average hourly wage for this occupational group locally was $18.50, significantly below the national wage of $19.88.

Some of the larger detailed occupations within the transportation and material moving group included hand packers and packagers (2,760), hand laborers and freight, stock, and material movers (1,750), and stockers and order fillers (1,670). Among the higher-paying jobs in this group were first-line supervisors of transportation and material moving workers, except aircraft cargo handling supervisors and heavy and tractor-trailer truck drivers, with mean hourly wages of $25.31 and $24.55, respectively. At the lower end of the wage scale were hand packers and packagers ($14.60) and parking attendants ($14.62). (Detailed data for the transportation and material moving occupations are presented in table 1; for a complete listing of detailed occupations available go to www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes_49420.htm.)

Location quotients allow us to explore the occupational make-up of a metropolitan area by comparing the composition of jobs in an area relative to the national average. (See table 1.) For example, a location quotient of 2.0 indicates that an occupation accounts for twice the share of employment in the area than it does nationally. In the Yakima area, above-average concentrations of employment were found in many of the occupations within the transportation and material moving group. For instance, hand packers and packagers were employed at 7.3 times the national rate in Yakima, and industrial truck and tractor operators, at 3.1 times the U.S. average. Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand had a location quotient of 1.0 in Yakima, indicating that this particular occupation's local and national employment shares were similar.

These statistics are from the Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (OEWS) survey, a federal-state cooperative program between BLS and State Workforce Agencies, in this case, the Washington Employment Security Department.

Technical Note

The Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (OEWS) survey is a semiannual survey measuring occupational employment and wage rates for wage and salary workers in nonfarm establishments in the United States. The OEWS data available from BLS include cross-industry occupational employment and wage estimates for the nation; over 580 areas, including states and the District of Columbia, metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs), nonmetropolitan areas, and territories; national industry-specific estimates at the NAICS sector, 3-digit, most 4-digit, and selected 5- and 6-digit industry levels, and national estimates by ownership across all industries and for schools and hospitals. OEWS data are available at www.bls.gov/oes/tables.htm.

The OEWS survey is a cooperative effort between BLS and the State Workforce Agencies (SWAs). BLS funds the survey and provides the procedures and technical support, while the State Workforce Agencies collect most of the data. OEWS estimates are constructed from a sample of about 1.1 million establishments. Each year, two semiannual panels of approximately 179,000 to 187,000 sampled establishments are contacted, one panel in May and the other in November. Responses are obtained by Internet or other electronic means, mail, email, telephone, or personal visit. The May 2021 estimates are based on responses from six semiannual panels collected over a 3-year period: May 2021, November 2020, May 2020, November 2019, May 2019, and November 2018. The unweighted sampled employment of 82 million across all six semiannual panels represents approximately 62 percent of total national employment. The overall national response rate for the six panels, based on the 50 states and the District of Columbia, is 67.2 percent based on establishments and 64.5 percent based on weighted sampled employment. The sample in the Yakima, WA Metropolitan Statistical Area included 1,093 establishments with a response rate of 75 percent. For more information about OEWS concepts and methodology, go to www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes_tec.htm.

A value that is statistically different from another does not necessarily mean that the difference has economic or practical significance. Statistical significance is concerned with the ability to make confident statements about a universe based on a sample. It is entirely possible that a large difference between two values is not significantly different statistically, while a small difference is, since both the size and heterogeneity of the sample affect the relative error of the data being tested.

Metropolitan area definitions

The substate area data published in this release reflect the standards and definitions established by the U.S. Office of Management and Budget.

The Yakima, WA Metropolitan Statistical Area includes Yakima County.

For more information

Answers to frequently asked questions about the OEWS data are available at www.bls.gov/oes/oes_ques.htm. Detailed information about the OEWS program is available at www.bls.gov/oes/oes_doc.htm.

Information in this release will be made available to individuals with sensory impairments upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Telecommunications Relay Service: 7-1-1.

Occupation	Employment		Mean wages
	Level	Location quotient	Hourly	Annual
Transportation and material moving occupations	12,270	1.5	$18.50	$38,480
First-line supervisors of transportation and material moving workers, except aircraft cargo handling supervisors	620	1.7	25.31	52,640
Driver/sales workers	240	0.8	17.29	35,960
Heavy and tractor-trailer truck drivers	1,580	1.3	24.55	51,060
Light truck drivers	620	1.0	19.73	41,040
Bus drivers, school	440	1.9	20.80	43,260
Shuttle drivers and chauffeurs	130	1.2	16.05	33,390
Parking attendants	50	0.9	14.62	30,420
Automotive and watercraft service attendants	150	2.1	15.76	32,770
Industrial truck and tractor operators	1,500	3.1	17.84	37,110
Cleaners of vehicles and equipment	300	1.3	16.18	33,660
Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand	1,750	1.0	17.29	35,960
Packers and packagers, hand	2,760	7.3	14.60	30,380
Stockers and order fillers	1,670	1.1	17.73	36,880
Refuse and recyclable material collectors	70	0.8	24.41	50,770

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