Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment Options for Fibroids

28 Jun 2023

The symptoms of Fibroids may vary, however, here are some common symptoms;

• Pelvic pain or pressure
• Frequent urination
• Constipation
• Back or leg pain
• Enlarged abdomen or bloating
• Difficulty emptying the bladder
• Painful intercourse
• Heavy or prolonged menstrual periods
• Infertility or recurrent miscarriages (in some cases)

Causes of Fibroids

Overtime, research has shown that the exact cause(s) of fibroids is unknown, but certain factors may increase the risk of developing them. These include;

• Hormonal factors :Estrogen and progesterone hormones enhance the growth of the uterine lining during the menstrual cycle, and they may also stimulate the growth of fibroids.
• Genetic factors Having a family history of fibroids increases the likelihood of developing them.
• Other factors are; Race (African-American women are more likely to have fibroids), obesity, and vitamin D deficiency may also contribute to the development of fibroids.

Thankfully, Fibroids are not incurable. Overtime, various treatment options have evolved. Here are some;

Watchful Waiting

If the fibroids are small, not causing symptoms, and not affecting fertility, your doctor may recommend monitoring the fibroids over time without immediate treatment.

Medications:

• Pain relievers: Over-the-counter pain medications, such as ibuprofen, can help manage any discomfort or pain.
• GnRH agonists: These medications can shrink fibroids temporarily by inducing a state similar to menopause. They are used for short-term symptom relief or to shrink fibroids before surgery.
• Hormonal medications: Birth control pills, hormonal IUDs, or other hormone-based medications can help control heavy bleeding and reduce pain.

Minimally Invasive Procedures:

• Myomectomy: This is the surgical removal of fibroids while leaving the uterus intact. It can be done through various techniques such as laparoscopic, hysteroscopic, or abdominal.
• Uterine artery embolization: Small particles are injected into the arteries that supply blood to the fibroids, blocking their blood flow and causing them to shrink.

Surgical Procedures:

• Hysterectomy: The removal of the uterus, which is considered a permanent solution for fibroids. It may be recommended for severe symptoms or when fertility is no longer desired.

It's important to consult with a healthcare provider to determine the most suitable treatment options based on your individual circumstances, such as the size, number, and location of fibroids, as well as your reproductive plans and overall health.