controlled by the Fund or the Advisor, thus limiting the ability to implement the Fund's strategies. Futures markets are highly volatile and the use of futures may increase the volatility of the Fund's net asset value ('NAV') per share. Futures are also subject to leverage and liquidity risks.
Options Risk-Options and options on futures contracts give the holder of the option the right, but not the obligation, to buy (or to sell) a position in a security or in a contract to the writer of the option, at a certain price. Options are subject to correlation risk because there may be an imperfect correlation between the options and the markets for underlying instruments that could cause a given transaction to fail to achieve its objectives. The successful use of options depends on the Advisor's ability to predict correctly future price fluctuations and the degree of correlation between the markets for options and the underlying instruments. Exchanges can limit the number of positions that can be held or controlled by the Fund or the Advisor, thus limiting the ability to implement the Fund's strategies. Options are also particularly subject to leverage risk and can be subject to liquidity risk.
Early Closing Risk-The Fund is subject to the risk that unanticipated early closings of securities exchanges and other financial markets may result in the Fund's inability to buy or sell securities or other financial instruments on that day and may cause the Fund to incur substantial trading losses.
Equity Securities Risk-Equity securities include common stocks and other equity and equity-related securities (and securities convertible into stocks). The prices of equity securities generally fluctuate in value more than fixed-income investments, may rise or fall rapidly or unpredictably and may reflect real or perceived changes in the issuing company's financial condition and changes in the overall market or economy. A decline in the value of equity securities held by the Fund will adversely affect the value of your investment in the Fund. Common stocks generally represent the riskiest investment in a company and dividend payments (if declared) to preferred stockholders generally rank junior to payments due to a company's debtholders. The Fund may lose a substantial part, or even all, of its investment in a company's stock.
Foreign Issuer Exposure Risk-The Fund may invest in securities of foreign companies directly, or in financial instruments that are indirectly linked to the performance of foreign issuers, such as ADRs. The Fund's exposure to foreign issuers and investments in foreign securities, if any, are subject to additional risks in comparison to U.S. securities and U.S. issuers, including currency fluctuations, adverse political and economic developments, unreliable or untimely information, less liquidity, limited legal recourse and higher transactional costs.
Industry Concentration Risk-The Fund expects to concentrate (i.e., invest more than 25% of its net assets) its investments in a limited number of issuers conducting business in the same industry or group of related industries. To the extent the Fund does so, the Fund is more vulnerable to adverse market, economic, regulatory, political or other developments affecting that industry or group of related industries than a fund that invests its assets more broadly. As of June 30, 2021, the Fund's investments are concentrated in securities issued by companies in the Interactive Media &Services Industry. As a result of the Fund's concentration in the Interactive Media & Services Industry, the Fund is subject to the risks associated with that Industry. The Interactive Media & Services Industry includes companies engaged in content and information creation or distribution through proprietary platforms, where revenues are derived primarily through pay-per-click advertisements, including search engines, social media and networking platforms, online classifieds, and online review companies. The prices of the securities of companies in the Interactive Media & Services Industry are closely tied to the performance of the overall economy and may be affected by changes in general economic growth, consumer confidence and consumer spending. Changes in demographics and consumer tastes also may affect the success of companies in the Interactive Media & Services Industry. In addition, legislative or regulatory changes and increased government supervision may affect companies in the Interactive Media & Services Industry. The Interactive Media & Services Industry is a separate industry within the Communication Services Sector.
Market Risk-The value of, or income generated by, the investments held by the Fund may fluctuate rapidly and unpredictably and the Fund may incur losses as a result of factors affecting individual companies or issuers or particular industries. In addition, developments related to economic, political, social, public health, market or other conditions may cause volatility in financial markets and reduced liquidity in equity, credit and/or debt markets, which could adversely impact the Fund and its investments. Under such conditions, the Fund may experience significant redemption activity by shareholders and could be forced to sell portfolio securities or other assets at unfavorable prices in an effort to generate sufficient cash to pay redeeming shareholders. The Fund's investments may perform poorly or underperform the general securities markets or other types of securities. Governmental authorities and regulators have enacted and continue to enact significant fiscal and monetary policy changes designed to support